Histology-World!
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Histology Testbank: Cartilage 3a |
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Instructions: For each histology question, pick the one best answer. This histology test bank is also useful for the histology questions on the USMLE (USMLE step 1). 1. Answer: c The perimysium is the connective tissue sheath around fascicles of muscle. The periosteum is the connective tissue covering of a bone. The perichondrium is the connective tissue which surrounds cartilage. The perineurium is the covering of nerve fascicles. The endosteum is the lining of the inner bone (the side which abuts the medullary cavity). Note from Sarah Bellham: The prefix "peri" means around, such as in the word "perimeter". The prefix "endo" means within or inner, such as in "endosteum", "endocrine", "endoscope". 2. Answer: c Cartilage arises from mesenchyme. 3. Answer: a The mature cell in cartilage is a chondrocyte. It rests in a lacunae surrounded by matrix. A chondroblast is an immature cartilage cell which produces the cartilaginous matrix. An osteocyte is a mature bone cell. An osteoclast is a bone cell which is involved in resorption of bone. A bone lining cell is a resting osteoblast. 4. Answer: d Cartilage is avascular. Nutrients reach cartilage by diffusion from the adjacent tissues. 5. Answer: c Hyaline cartilage is characterized by a glassy matrix. Elastic cartilage has elastic fibers in the matrix. Fibrocartilage has thick bundles of collagen fibers in the matrix. All three types of cartilage are composed of chondrocytes residing in lacunae and a hydrous extracellular matrix. All three types of cartilage are avascular. 6. Answer: d The matrix of cartilage is 60-80% water. 7. Answer: a Hyaline cartilage forms the epiphyseal growth plate. 8. Answer: a The rings of the trachea are composed of hyaline cartilage. 9. Answer: c The epiglottis is part of the larynx. It is composed of elastic cartilage. 10. Answer: c Fibrocartilage is present in the temporomandibular joint. 11. Answer: b Elastic cartilage is sometimes referred to as yellow cartilage. Fibrocartilage is sometimes referred to as white cartilage. |
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